Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA)

CAS Number:

67-63-0

Chemical Names:

Propan-2-ol, Isopropanol, 2-Propanol

Molecular Formula:

C3H8O

EINECS/ELINCS No:

200-661-7

Uses:

Isopropyl Alcohol is a versatile solvent and antiseptic with broad applications across cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and industry.

· Cosmetic & Personal Care: Used as an astringent, solvent, and antifoaming agent in aftershaves, toners, antiperspirants, hair care products, cleansers, and nail care products. It helps dissolve oils, remove impurities, and can aid in the penetration of other ingredients.

· Antiseptic & Medical: Its primary use is as a disinfectant (rubbing alcohol) for skin and surfaces, found in hand sanitizers, medical wipes, and healthcare personnel hand rubs.

· Industrial & General Use: A common solvent for oils, resins, and gums. Used for cleaning electronics, optical lenses, lab equipment, and as a deicing agent.

Origin:

Isopropyl alcohol is a synthetic chemical, not naturally derived in significant quantities. It is produced industrially through one of two primary methods:

1. Hydration of Propylene: Reacting propene (propylene) with water, either indirectly via sulfuric acid or through direct catalytic hydration.

2. Hydrogenation of Acetone: An alternative method involving the reduction of acetone.

What does Isopropyl Alcohol do in a formulation?

As defined by its cosmetic functions, its primary roles are:

• Antifoaming Agent
• Astringent
• Solvent
• Viscosity Decreasing Agent

  Safety Profile:

· General Assessment: The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel concluded it is safe under current conditions of use in cosmetics. The WHO has stated it is unlikely to pose a serious health risk to the general population under normal exposure conditions.

· Key Hazards:

  · Flammable: It is a highly flammable liquid with a low flash point.

  · Toxic: Can be toxic if ingested or excessively inhaled, causing central nervous system depression, headache, and dizziness.

  · Irritant: Can be drying and irritating to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, especially at high concentrations or with prolonged exposure.

· Occupational Exposure Limits:

  · OSHA PEL (8-hr TWA): 400 ppm (980 mg/m³)

  · NIOSH REL (STEL): 500 ppm (1225 mg/m³)

  · IDLH (Immediate Danger): 2000 ppm

Technical profile: